CORRESPONDENCE OF THE N.Y.DAILY ADVERTISER.

Extract of a letter, dated

WASHINGTON, Dec. 22d, 1831

Washington has been much enlivened for several days past, by the members of the Baltimore Convention who came here for the purpose of paying their respects to Mr. Clay, and other distinguished statesmen, and to see the two houses of Congress in Session, or who have tarried with us on their return. These gentlemen have been much gratified in their acquaintance with Mr. Adams, Mr. Clay, Mr. Webster, Mr. Calhoun, and others. Many diverting anecdotes have originated in their calls on the President, and if his observations could be collected and printed in a pamphlet, the proprietor might well afford to pay the expense of taking out a patent. He entertains no doubt that the general prosperity of the country is alone owing to the wise measures recommended by him, nor that he has originated the whole of our financial system. On one occasion he remarked that if there was not a dollar in the Treasury he could carry on the operations of a war, and defray the expenses without either levying taxes or borrowing money. On being asked how he would provide the ways and means for sustaining our army and navy, he replied that was very easy-why, said he, I would issue bills payable at four and a half or five per cent interest. He says the payment of our national debt will have a wonderful influence in other countries and that he believes it will cause other governments, and nations to pay off their debts in nine months. The Senate, that sturdy and, as he says 'obstinate body,' has begun 'to pester' the old gentlemen again, by rejecting one of his nominations. He brought a pet here from Tennessee by the name of Gwin, and gave him a good snug berth in the post office. The President thought, and in this Mr. Gwin seems to have concurred, that an appointment in the post office was not a sufficient reward for his services during the Presidential contest; and he transferred him from the post office, to a land office in Mississippi. Whether a vacancy was created for this crony, I have not understood. His nomination was definitively acted on in the Senate to-day, and rejected by two to one. Mr. Poindexter, it is said, is not altogether pleased with the indignity offered to the State of Mississippi, by sending partizan clerks to fill important offices in the State he represents; and he speaks without reserve as to this, and some other nominations.

At the last Session of Congress the Senate passed a resolution disapproving the practice of the President nominating of persons residing in one State, to office in the bounds of another State. The President, however, was not to be deterred from rewarding his friends, by any expression of the Senate. He recollected that he had, on a former occasion, threatened to take off the ears of a Senator, and what does he care for a resolution passed by such a body After the rejection of the nomination of Mr. Gwin, the injunction of secrecy was removed on the motion of a Jackson Senator, who voted against confirmation. This is quite apropos.