| Communities Resolving Our Problems: the basic idea | ||
| [SUP: Sharing Problems] | [THINK: Guidance] | [LEAP: Solving Problems] |
What do you want to create today? To
"evoke" is to compose so as to stimulate the thinking and action of
oneself and others. It is the second stage of the LEAP problem solving model.
As the digital palette on the left implies, an entire palette of the forms of digital literacy is readily available for composition and communication. The center of the palette where the paint is mixed represent the place for determining the workflow that makes things happen. Listed below are representative examples of applications on the digital palette in order of their display. The right column lists the generally more fully featured applications that can be installed on local drives and are designed for more individualized activity. The left column lists those applications that are found on the Web that can not only support private work but also be used for online social and collaborative efforts.
Analysis of this Parallel Tool Development follows at the bottom of this table. Categories below can be reached quickly using these in-document links. Media: word processing/wikis; page/site design for the web; web publishing (blogging, web sites); email; social networks; numbers; programming; application suites; databases; organizers/graphic; mapping; image editors; audio; music; video; screen movies ; 2D animation; 3D animation; Virtual reality; sensors/robotics; dance sensors; multimedia.Workflow: task/project management; sport management; OS; data storage; address books; calendar and flatworld processor.
| Composition Tools Comparison Chart | |
| Webtop-Based | Desktop-Based |
Applications for Media Composition |
|
|
Desktop Word Processing |
|
Free online word processors and tools, for working solo or in collaborative partnerships (Awards):
Wiki's (Awards)
Blogging, section below Web Sites, section below |
|
Teleprompter applications |
|
| Organizers/text-graphics | Organizers/text graphics |
|
Free: Scribus Proprietary: Microsoft Publisher; Adobe InDesign; PrintShop; QuarkXPress; Reviews |
| Paper & Web/Site Design | Desktop Page Design |
Great tools are available for composing both paper documents and web sites with many special features for web pages. Paper designs Web designs Site and page tools |
Free: Scribus Proprietary: Microsoft Publisher; Adobe InDesign; PrintShop; QuarkXPress; Reviews |
| Web site publishing | |
Web site composition and hosting systems |
|
| Web Email Applications | Desktop Email Applications |
|
|
| Web Social Networks | Desktop Social Networks |
Applications for creating social networks from teams to classes come in many different
structures and serve many different purposes, including business, entertainment, and online teaching and learning.
|
This approach might be thought of as "sneaker net". People meet face-to-face, talk. plan and set up meetings. The desktop equivalent of file sharing is to put the data on some media and carry or ship it to someone or some group. The media might be paper, videotape, CD, DVD, floppy diskette, USB drive, portable hard drive, any physical object, or even a handheld or laptop computer. Networking hubs might be a library, the post office, or the NetFlix system. |
| Web Calendar and Appointment Tracking | Desktop Calendar and Appointment Tracking |
|
|
|
Desktop-Numbers |
|
Spreadsheets
Calculators
Graphing/Charts
Other mathematics services
|
Spreadsheets
Calculators
|
| Web-Programming | Desktop-Programming |
|
|
| Webtop Map Design | Desktop Map Design |
|
Creating maps has a wide range of uses (Awards): |
|
| Web-Databases | Desktop-Databases |
|
Free Limited free features, fee features
Fee
|
Databases build searchable and sortable collections of data, as well as provide for form letter merge designs. The database can also do some basic numeric calculations based on numbers. (A database tutorial is available.) Examples of database applications include FileMaker Pro; Microsoft Access, and the database application within Appleworks and Microsoft Works.e |
| Web-Still Image Editing | Desktop-Still Image Editing |
|
Image creating, sharing, storing and editing (awards):
|
Handhelds
|
| Web-Video | Desktop-Video |
|
Full feature Edit systems
Hosting and bandwidth
Remix media already online files
Server software for server administrators
Other
|
Free
Commercial
Handhelds
|
| Screen Movies | Screen Movies |
Screen movie applications are movies of what is happening on a computer screen, with some applications providing options such as capturing voice narration and Webcam video of the presenter. Keepvid or Vixy Free online tools for copying/downloading video on YouTube or other video site to desktop.
|
Free Commercial
|
| Web-Audio | Desktop-Audio |
|
Podcasting |
|
| Web-Music | Desktop-Music |
|
Noteflight create with multiple instrument sounds, view, hear, print and upload/download musical scores |
Handhelds
Free
Commercial
|
| Web-Animation | Desktop-Animation |
|
|
| Web-3D & animation | Desktop-3D and animation |
|
Worlds.com; Activeworlds; OuterWorlds; There.com; Second Life and its machinima. |
|
| Web-Virtual Reality | Desktop-Virtual Reality |
|
|
| Web-Sensors (probes) | Desktop-Sensors (probes) |
|
Sensor to Web interface |
Handhelds
|
| Web-Dance | Desktop-Dance |
|
none |
|
| Web-Sports | Desktop-Sports |
|
none |
|
| Web-Multimedia | Desktop-Multimedia |
Online tools for creating multimedia online:
|
|
|
Web Application Suites: combos of apps |
Desktop Application Suites: |
|
|
Applications for Workflow Composition |
|
| Web Task/Project Management | Desktop Task/Project Management |
|
Handhelds
|
|
Desktop Operating Systems |
|
File & application management: goal to replace your PC desktop and run any application from the web
|
File & application management: Free
Commercial
|
| Data Storage | Data Storage |
Goal to replace portable storage media and become primary storage with actual local hard drive seen as temporary or cache storage. Success of the concept will require great bandwidth, not dial-in and large online storage capacity. There are general sites and media specific sites. Storing, sharing and promotion/advertising are increasingly merged into one system.
|
Each personal computer ships with its own internal drive and generally ports for connecting portable storage media. If stored locally, for sharing it must still be transferred to a "publication" system like paper, CD or DVD or a web site or in a folder flagged for public sharing over a network. |
| Web Address Book Systems | Desktop Address Book Systems |
| Plaxo ; GoodContacts ; |
|
Where's an application for creating and managing a team or organization, whether for-profit or non-profit?
|
|
The Webtop left column of the table above lists applications that run from servers available to those using the Internet (e.g., social media, Web 2.0) while the right column Desktop notes similar applications running from the hard drives of personal computers. As Web-based tools such as those in the left column of the table have appeared, they have generally incorporated unique characteristics of the Internet, notably the capacity to collaborate more easily. This left column represents a watershed development in the history of the Web. It has opened the composition process to global collaborative activity shared among many that are using a web service. Some research shows that Web based applications can significantly lower cost. Harris reported on an independent study by TwinStrata that "...found on-site Microsoft apps [local computer]- Office and Exchange - cost 20x in capital dollars and 5x-6x more than Google Apps [Web servers] on a 3 year Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) basis" (Harris, 2009).
As the Net continues its exponential growth, the challenge for team leaders and composers is to find, blend and organize the best suite or palette of online and offline composition tools for a given situation. If your word processing file is stored on the Web then it is a simple step to choose to make it editable by others. The online applications further encouraged teamwork and partnership. This development led to the emergence of label of Web 2.0 for a second generation Internet where "applications and their data reside on the Web itself" (Bull & Ferster, 2005-06) not on a local computer's hard drive. The webtop trend is also being extended to web-based operating systems and application clusters (Lyons, 2006). Others have seen new economic impact that emerges from mass collaboration, leading to the creation of new business models (Tapscott & Williams, 2006).
A transformation from personal work to global teams is underway. Professor Wesch's youtube video below illustrates some additional aspects of this transformation. If the videoclip does does not automatically appear, use this link to The Machine Is Us.
As the table shows, software tools exist for composing Words, Outlines, Email, Social Networks, Numbers, Databases, Maps, Project Management, Programming, Still Images, Audio, Video, Music, Dance, Animation, Multimedia and more. At first these applications were proprietary commercial products that ran only on desktop computers. When necessary, email attachments and FTP were used to share data files between desktop applications. Now, not only are these applications (e.g., apps) increasingly available as free desktop-based tools, but they are increasingly available as a set of Internet-based web apps or Webtop-based tools (e.g., virtual desktop).
Problem solvers have always picked appropriate combinations of media and applications for gathering and communicating thoughts. Now, before selecting the application that is needed, the first choice to make is whether to find and run Web software from the Net or find and run software from the hard drive of a personal computer. Desktop based tools can run without the network, web-based tools cannot. Desktop tools often have more in-depth features but webtop apps are generally easier to use and are available on any networked computer not just one the one on which you installed the application that you bought. The two column list in the table is meant to be representative, not comprehensive of these choices, but new examples are always welcome and highly prized. Many of the web-based applications in the left column represent a point on a continuum between requiring a special client application and being totally web-based along with many other characteristics that indicate a Web 2.0 perspective (O'Reilly, 2005).
In reaction to a discovered problem/opportunity, composers must express themselves clearly and with such evocative quality that they attract the caring and interest of others. That computers can be as expressive an instrument as a paint brush is not widely accepted, yet computer composition tools are ubiquitous for a wide range of needs. This expressive quality requires mastery of the concepts of the application as well as mastery of many of its techniques. Once the basics of an application are understood, it is this mastery of the application to solve particular problems that must become the goal, not merely its selection and use from the webtop or desktop.
Evoke Thinking Skills - focus your composition with frame-your-question examples.
Bibliography
Sites Providing Directories to Web Applications